Coordinates were exported to a spreadsheet. Angles between two FHs (FH 1: Or-R, Or-L, mid-Po FH 2: Po-R, Po-L, mid-Or) and between FHs and new planes ( Plane 1-6) were measured. Porion (Po), orbitale (Or), internal acoustic foramen (IAF), and zygomatico-maxillary suture (ZyMS) were indicated in the software by three observers twice with a 4-week interval. Three-dimensional (3D) surface models were created from CBCT scans of 26 dry human skulls. To assess the reproducibility of landmarks in three dimensions that determine the Frankfort horizontal plane (FH) as well as two new landmarks, and to evaluate the angular differences of newly introduced planes to the FH. Pittayapat, Pisha Jacobs, Reinhilde Bornstein, Michael M Odri, Guillaume A Lambrichts, Ivo Willems, Guy Politis, Constantinus Olszewski, Raphael Three-dimensional Frankfort horizontal plane for 3D cephalometry: a comparative assessment of conventional versus novel landmarks and horizontal planes. Copyright Â© 2017 American Association of Orthodontists. This investigation showed that significant and undesirable measurement differences can be produced by varying the definition of the FH plane. Setups based on left or right porion and both orbitales had the greatest number of occurrences for the 6 measurements. No measurement had no occurrences for the 21 pairs of setups.

Only 3 of 21 pairs of setups had no occurrences for the 6 measurements. The number of occurrences of differences greater than the limits of agreement was counted for each of the 6 measurements. Measurement differences were calculated for each pair of setups of the FH plane. Six lateral cephalometric hard tissue measurements relative to the FH plane were carried out for each setup. A third-party method of cone-beam computed tomography-based 3-dimensional cephalometry was performed using 7 setups of the FH plane. The material included cone-beam computed tomography data sets of 82 adult subjects with Class I molar relationship. We investigated the validity of this hypothesis. These variations are based on the hypothesis that they do not affect the cephalometric analysis. However, other combinations of points have also been used to define this plane in 3-dimensional cephalometry. The Frankfort horizontal (FH) is a plane that intersects both porions and the left orbitale. Santos, Rodrigo Mologni GonÃ§alves Dos De Martino, JosÃ© Mario Haiter Neto, Francisco Passeri, Luis Augusto Influence of different setups of the Frankfort horizontal plane on 3-dimensional cephalometric measurements.

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